Our Bibliography of Peer Review Literature
The peer review process is used by organizations around the world to identify good, promising science. However, peer review can be implemented in many ways, and surprisingly, dialogue among organizations managing peer review is limited. Although literature about peer review (and particularly peer review of grant applications) is scant, there have been some studies addressing review practices, challenges and guidelines.
Compiled below is a reference list of 367 scientific articles, sorted into 23 categories, concerning the processes, outcomes and validations of the scientific peer review process, particularly focusing on peer review of applications for funding. This list is sorted by topic area and represents a centralized body of knowledge intended as a reference for those conducting/participating in peer review and those who are interested in the outcomes of the process.
- Aibs Papers17
- Assignment Load4
- Conflict of Interest and Bias43
- Critique and Text Analysis10
- Decision Making Emotion and Risk17
- Funding Strategy9
- Gender11
- General Peer Review107
- General Science25
- H Index Citations and Bibliometrics40
- Innovation10
- Inter Rater Reliability22
- Nih and Nsf38
- Open Peer Review8
- Panel Discussion8
- Peer Review Technology12
- Resubmission3
- Reviewer Pi Demographics8
- Scoring Scale4
- Team Performance18
- Training3
- Triage2
- Validation and Impact50
Aibs Papers
Barnett AG, Glisson SR, Gallo SA. “Do funding applications where peer reviewers disagree have higher citations? A cross-sectional study.” f1000research.com.
Carpenter AS, Sullivan JH, Deshmukh A, Glisson SR, & Gallo SA. “A retrospective analysis of the effect of discussion in teleconference and face-to-face scientific peer-review panels.” BMJ Open. 8 September, 2015.
Chandrasekharan, S., Zaka, M., Gallo, S., Zhao, W., Korobskiy, D., Warnow, T., & Chacko, G. (2020). Finding scientific communities in citation graphs: Articles and authors. Quantitative Science Studies. Advance publication. https://doi.org/10.1162 /qss_a_00095
Gallo SA et al. “The Validation of Peer Review through Research Impact Measures and the Implications for Funding Strategies.” 2014 PLoS ONE 9(9): e106474. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0106474
Gallo SA, Carpenter AS, Glisson SR (2013) “Teleconference Versus Face-to-Face Scientific Peer Review of Grant Application: Effects on Review Outcomes.” PLoS ONE 8(8).
Gallo SA, LeMaster M, Glisson SR. “Frequency and Type of Conflicts of Interest in the Peer Review of Basic Biomedical Research Funding Applications: Self-Reporting Versus Manual Detection.” Sci Eng Ethics. 2015 Feb 4.
Gallo SA, Schmaling KB (2022) “Peer review: Risk and risk tolerance.” PLoS ONE 17(8): e0273813. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273813
Gallo SA, Schmaling KB, Thompson LA, and Glisson SR. “Grant Review Feedback: Appropriateness and Usefulness.” Science and Engineering Ethics. 27 (18) March, 2021.
Gallo SA, Sullivan JH, & Croslan DR. “Scientists from Minority-Serving Institutions and Their Participation in Grant Peer Review.” BioScience. 2022; 72 (3) 289–299.
Gallo SA, Sullivan JH, Glisson SR “The Influence of Peer Reviewer Expertise on the Evaluation of Research Funding Applications.” PLOS ONE. 21 October, 2016.
Gallo SA, Thompson LA, Schmaling KB, Glisson SR. “The Participation and Motivations of Grant Peer Reviewers: A Comprehensive Survey..” Sci Eng Ethics. July, 2019. (Pre-print available)
Gallo SA, Thompson LA, Schmaling KB, Glisson SR. “Risk evaluation in peer review of grant applications.” Environment Systems and Decisions. 24 February, 2018.
Gallo, S.A., Schmaling, K.B., Thompson, L.A., and Glisson, S.R. Grant reviewer perceptions of the quality, effectiveness, and influence of panel discussion. Res Integr Peer Rev. 2020; 5:(7).
Gallo, SA, Pearce, M, Lee, CJ & Erosheva, EA. “A new approach to grant review assessments: score, then rank.” Res Integr Peer Rev. 2023; 8, 10.
Irwin D, Gallo SA, Glisson SR. “Opinion: Learning from Peer Review.” The Scientist. 2013 May 24.
Schmaling, KB & Gallo, SA. “Gender differences in peer reviewed grant applications, awards, and amounts: a systematic review and meta-analysis.” Res Integr Peer Rev. 2023; 8, 2.
Stephen A. Gallo, Scott R. Glisson. “External Tests of Peer Review Validity Via Impact Measures.” Front. Res. Metr. Anal. 23 August 2018
Assignment Load
Cook,WD, Golany B, Kress M, Penn M. Optimal Allocation of Proposals to Reviewers to Facilitate Effective Ranking. Manage Sci. 2005;51(4):655-61.
Gallo SA, Thompson LA, Schmaling KB, Glisson SR. “The Participation and Motivations of Grant Peer Reviewers: A Comprehensive Survey..” Sci Eng Ethics. July, 2019. (Pre-print available)
Li L, Wang Y, Liu G, Wang M, Wu X. Context-Aware Reviewer Assignment for Trust Enhanced Peer Review. PLoS One. 2015 Jun 19;10(6):e0130493.
Snell, R. R. Menage a quoi? Optimal number of peer reviewers. PloS One 2015; 10(4), e0120838
Conflict of Interest and Bias
Abdoul H, Perrey C, Tubach F, Amiel P, Durand-Zaleski I, Alberti C. Non-financial Conflicts of Interest in Academic Grant Evaluation: A Qualitative Study of Multiple Stakeholders in France. PLoS One. 2012;7(4):e35247.
Arms W. Ethics: Trust and Reputation on the Web. Nature 2006.
Bekelman JE, Li Y, Gross CP. Scope and Impact of Financial Conflicts of Interest in Biomedical Research: A Systematic Review. JAMA. 2003 Jan 22-29;289(4):454-65.
Benos D. Ethics: Detecting Misconduct. Nature 2006.
Bhattacharjee Y. Science Funding. NSF’s ‘Big Pitch’ Tests Anonymized Grant Reviews. Science. 2012 May 25;336(6084):969-70.
Bornmann L, Daniel HD. Selection of Research Fellowship Recipients by Committee Peer Review. Reliability, Fairness and Predictive Validity of Board of Trustees’ Decisions. Scientometrics. 2005;63(2):297-320.
Bornmann L. Research Misconduct–Definitions, Manifestations and Extent. Publications. 2013;1(3):87-98.
Boudreau KJ, Eva G, Lakhani KR, Riedl C. Looking Across and Looking Beyond the Knowledge Frontier: Intellectual Distance and Resource Allocation in Science. Available at SSRN. 2014.
Bromham L, Dinnage R, and Hua X. “Interdisciplinary research has consistently lower funding success.” Nature 534, no. 7609 (2016): 684.
Chandrasekharan, S., Zaka, M., Gallo, S., Zhao, W., Korobskiy, D., Warnow, T., & Chacko, G. (2020). Finding scientific communities in citation graphs: Articles and authors. Quantitative Science Studies. Advance publication. https://doi.org/10.1162 /qss_a_00095
Coats AJ, Nijjer SS, Francis DP. Protecting the Pipeline of Science: Openness, Scientific Methods and the Lessons from Ticagrelor and the PLATO Trial. Int J Cardiol. 2014 Oct 20;176(3):600-4.
De Martino B, Kumaran D, Seymour B, Dolan RJ. Frames, Biases, and Rational Decision-Making in the Human Brain. Science. 2006 Aug 4;313(5787):684-7.
Drazen JM, De Leeuw PW, Laine C, Mulrow C, Deangelis CD, Frizelle FA, Godlee F, Haug C, Hébert PC, James A, Kotzin S, Marusic A, Reyes H, Rosenberg J, Sahni P, Van Der Weyden MB, Zhaori G. Toward More Uniform Conflict Disclosures: The Updated ICMJE Conflict of Interest Reporting Form. Natl Med J India. 2010 Jul-Aug;23(4):196-7.
Gallo SA, LeMaster M, Glisson SR. “Frequency and Type of Conflicts of Interest in the Peer Review of Basic Biomedical Research Funding Applications: Self-Reporting Versus Manual Detection.” Sci Eng Ethics. 2015 Feb 4.
Gallo SA, Schmaling KB (2022) “Peer review: Risk and risk tolerance.” PLoS ONE 17(8): e0273813. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273813
Gallo SA, Schmaling KB, Thompson LA, and Glisson SR. “Grant Review Feedback: Appropriateness and Usefulness.” Science and Engineering Ethics. 27 (18) March, 2021.
Gallo SA, Sullivan JH, & Croslan DR. “Scientists from Minority-Serving Institutions and Their Participation in Grant Peer Review.” BioScience. 2022; 72 (3) 289–299.
Gallo SA, Sullivan JH, Glisson SR “The Influence of Peer Reviewer Expertise on the Evaluation of Research Funding Applications.” PLOS ONE. 21 October, 2016.
Gallo SA, Thompson LA, Schmaling KB, Glisson SR. “Risk evaluation in peer review of grant applications.” Environment Systems and Decisions. 24 February, 2018.
Ginther, D. K., Basner, J., Jensen, U., Schnell, J., Kington, R., & Schaffer, W. T. (2018). “Publications as predictors of racial and ethnic differences in NIH research awards.” PloS one, 13(11), e0205929.
Ginther, D. K., Schaffer, W. T., Schnell, J., Masimore, B., Liu, F., Haak, L. L., & Kington, R. Race, ethnicity, and NIH research awards. Science. 2011;333(6045), 1015-1019.
Hodgson C. Evaluation of Cardiovascular Grant-in-aid Applications by Peer Review: Influence of Internal and External Reviewers and Committees. Can J Cardiol. 1995 Nov;11(10):864-8.
Hoppe TA, Litovitz A, Willis KA, Meseroll RA, Perkins MJ, Hutchins BI, Davis AF, Lauer MS, Valantine HA, Anderson JM, Santangelo GM. “Topic choice contributes to the lower rate of NIH awards to African-American/black scientists.” Science Advances. 2019 Oct 1;5(10):eaaw7238.
Kaatz A, Magua W, Zimmerman DR, Carnes M. A Quantitative Linguistic Analysis of National Institutes of Health R01 Application Critiques from Investigators at One Institution. Acad Med. 2015 Jan;90(1):69-75
Kolehmainen C, & Carnes M (2018). “Who resembles a scientific leader—Jack or Jill? How implicit bias could influence research grant funding.” Circulation, 137(8), 769-770.
Kotchen TA, Lindquist T, Miller Sostek A, Hoffmann R, Malik K, Stanfield B. Outcomes of National Institutes of Health Peer Review of Clinical Grant Applications. J Investig Med. 2006 Jan;54(1):13-9.
Langfeldt L. The Policy Challenges of Peer Review: Managing Bias, Conflict of Interests and Interdisciplinary Assessments. Res Eval. 2006;15(1):31-41.
Langfeldt L. Decision-Making in Expert Panels Evaluating Research: Constraints, Processes and Bias. 2001;dissertation: The University of Oslo.
Lee C. Sugimoto CR, Zhang G, Cronin B. Bias in Peer Review. J Am Soc Inf Sci Technol. 2013;64(1):2-17.
Li D. Expertise vs. Bias in Evaluation: Evidence from the NIH. 2013;Northwestern University.
Li L, Wang Y, Liu G, Wang M, Wu X. Context-Aware Reviewer Assignment for Trust Enhanced Peer Review. PLoS One. 2015 Jun 19;10(6):e0130493.
Lo B, Field MJ, Editors. Conflict of Interest in Medical Research, Education, and Practice. Committee on Conflict of Interest in Medical Research, Education, and Practice. 2009;Institute of Medicine
Magua W, Zhu X, Bhattacharya A, Filut A, Potvien A, Leatherberry R, Lee YG, Jens M, Malikireddy D, Carnes M, Kaatz A. “Are female applicants disadvantaged in National Institutes of Health peer review? Combining algorithmic text mining and qualitative methods to detect evaluative differences in R01 reviewers’ critiques.” Journal of Women’s Health. 2017 May 1;26(5):560-70.
Marsh HW, Jayasinghe UW, Bond NW. Improving the Peer-Review Process for Grant Applications: Reliability, Validity, Bias, and Generalizability. Am Psychol. 2008 Apr;63(3):160-8.
NIH. Revised Policy: Managing Conflict of Interest in the Initial Peer Review of NIH Grant and Cooperative Agreement Applications. NOT-OD-11-120. 2011 Sep 26.
Oleinik A. Conflict(s) of Interest in Peer Review: Its Origins and Possible Solutions. Sci Eng Ethics. 2014 Mar;20(1):55-75.
Pham-Kanter G. Revisiting Financial Conflicts of Interest in FDA Advisory Committees. Milbank Q. 2014 Sep;92(3):446-70.
Rockey SJ, Collins FS. Managing Financial Conflict of Interest in Biomedical Research. JAMA. 2010 Jun 16;303(23):2400-2.
Stehbens WE. Basic Philosophy and Concepts Underlying Scientific Peer Review. Med Hypotheses. 1999 Jan;52(1):31-6.
Tamblyn, R., Girard, N., Qian, C. J., & Hanley, J. Assessment of potential bias in research grant peer review in Canada. CMAJ 2018;190(16), E489-E499.
Wager E. Ethics: What is it for? Nature 2006.
Wood SF, Mador JK. Science and Regulation. Uncapping Conflict of Interest? Science. 2013 Jun 7;340(6137):1172-3.
Critique and Text Analysis
Bantum EO, Owen JE. Evaluating the Validity of Computerized Content Analysis Programs for Identification of Emotional Expression in Cancer Narratives. Psychol Assess. 2009 Mar;21(1):79-88.
Bornmann L, Wolf M, Daniel HD. Closed Versus Open Reviewing of Journal Manuscripts: How Far do Comments Differ in Language Use? Scientometrics. 2012;91(3):843-56.
Fuller EO, Hasselmeyer EG, Hunter JC, Abdellah FG, Hinshaw AS. Summary Statements of the NIH Nursing Research Grant Applications. Nurs Res. 1991 Nov-Dec;40(6):346-51.
Hume KM, Giladi AM, Chung KC. Factors Impacting Successfully Competing for Research Funding: An Analysis of Applications Submitted to the Plastic Surgery Foundation. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2015 Feb;135(2):429e-35e.
Kaatz A, Magua W, Zimmerman DR, Carnes M. A Quantitative Linguistic Analysis of National Institutes of Health R01 Application Critiques from Investigators at One Institution. Acad Med. 2015 Jan;90(1):69-75
Magua W, Zhu X, Bhattacharya A, Filut A, Potvien A, Leatherberry R, Lee YG, Jens M, Malikireddy D, Carnes M, Kaatz A. “Are female applicants disadvantaged in National Institutes of Health peer review? Combining algorithmic text mining and qualitative methods to detect evaluative differences in R01 reviewers’ critiques.” Journal of Women’s Health. 2017 May 1;26(5):560-70.
Pier EL, Raclaw J, Kaatz A, Brauer M, Carnes M, Nathan MJ, & Ford CE (2017). . “‘Your comments are meaner than your score’: score calibration talk influences intra-and inter-panel variability during scientific grant peer review.” Research Evaluation, 26(1), 1-14.
Pier, E.L., Brauer, M., Filut, A., Kaatz, A., Raclaw, J., Nathan, M.J., Ford, C.E. and Carnes, M., 2018. “Low agreement among reviewers evaluating the same NIH grant applications.”Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(12), pp.2952-2957.
Tausczik YR, Pennebaker JW. The Psychological Meaning of Words: LIWC and Computerized Text Analysis Methods. J Lang Soc Psychol. 2010;29(1):24-54.
Vener KJ, Calkins BM. Analysis of SBIR Phase I and Phase II Review Results at the National Institutes of Health. FASEB J. 1991 Sep;5(12):2640-4.
Decision Making Emotion and Risk
De Martino B, Kumaran D, Seymour B, Dolan RJ. Frames, Biases, and Rational Decision-Making in the Human Brain. Science. 2006 Aug 4;313(5787):684-7.
Denes-Raj V, Epstein S. Conflict Between Intuitive and Rational Processing: When People Behave Against Their Better Judgment. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1994 May;66(5):819-29.
Finucane ML, Alhakami A, Slovic P, Johnson SM. The Affect Heuristic in Judgments of Risks and Benefits. J Behav Decis Mak. 2000;13(1):1-17.
Gallo SA, Schmaling KB (2022) “Peer review: Risk and risk tolerance.” PLoS ONE 17(8): e0273813. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0273813
Gallo SA, Thompson LA, Schmaling KB, Glisson SR. “Risk evaluation in peer review of grant applications.” Environment Systems and Decisions. 24 February, 2018.
Gregory R, Mendelsohn R. Perceived Risk, Dread, and Benefits. Risk Anal. 1993;13(3):259-64.
Hagman W. Affective Biases and Heuristics in Decision Making: Emotion Regulation as a Factor for Decision Making Competence. 2013. Linköping University. Master Thesis.
Langfeldt L. The Decision-Making Constraints and Processes of Grant Peer Review, and Their Effects on the Review Outcome. Social Studies of Science. 2001 Dec;31(6):820-41.
Lipshitz R, Strauss O. Coping with Uncertainty: A Naturalistic Decision-Making Analysis. Organ Behav Hum Decis Process. 1997;69(2):149-63.
Pachur T, Hertwig R, Steinmann F. How do People Judge Risks: Availability Heuristic, Affect Heuristic, or Both? J Exp Psychol Appl. 2012 Sep;18(3):314-30.
Rand DG, Epstein ZG. Risking Your Life Without a Second Thought: Intuitive Decision-Making and Extreme Altruism. PLoS One. 2014 Oct 15;9(10):e109687.
Sheeran P, Harris PR, Epton T. Does Heightening Risk Appraisals Change People’s Intentions and Behavior? A Meta-Analysis of Experimental Studies. Psychol Bull. 2014 Mar;140(2):511-43.
Sjöberg L. Factors in Risk Perception. Risk Anal. 2000;20(1):1-12.
Slovic P, Finucane ML, Peters E, MacGregor DG. Risk as Analysis and Risk as Feelings: Some Thoughts About Affect, Reason, Risk, and Rationality. Risk Anal. 2004 Apr;24(2):311-22.
Slovic P, Peters E. Risk Perception and Affect. Curr Dir Psychol Sci. 2006;15(6):322-5.
Taleb NN. Silent Risk: Technical Incerto, Lectures on Risk and Probability. Available at SSRN. 2014;1.
Tversky, Amos, and Daniel Kahneman. “Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases.” science 185, no. 4157 (1974): 1124-1131.
Funding Strategy
Azoulay P, Graff Zivin JS, Manso G. Incentives and Creativity: Evidence from the Academic Life Sciences. NBER Working Paper No. 15466. 2009.
Bollen, J., Crandall, D., Junk, D., Ding, Y., & Börner, K. (2014). “From funding agencies to scientific agency.” EMBO reports, 15(2), 131-133.
Bolli R. Actions Speak Much Louder Than Words: For Midcareer and Senior Investigators, the Track Record of Productivity Should be Paramount in Selecting Grant Recipients. Circ Res. 2014 Dec 5;115(12):962-6.
Boyington, J. E., Antman, M. D., Patel, K. C., & Lauer, M. S. (2016). “Towards Independence: Resubmission Rate of Unfunded National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute R01 Research Grant Applications among Early Stage Investigators.” Academic medicine: journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 91(4), 556.
Fang, F.C. and Casadevall, A., 2016. “Research Funding: the Case for a Modified Lottery.” mBio, 7(2).
Gallo SA, Sullivan JH, Glisson SR “The Influence of Peer Reviewer Expertise on the Evaluation of Research Funding Applications.” PLOS ONE. 21 October, 2016.
Ginther, D. K., Schaffer, W. T., Schnell, J., Masimore, B., Liu, F., Haak, L. L., & Kington, R. Race, ethnicity, and NIH research awards. Science. 2011;333(6045), 1015-1019.
Lauer MS. Personal Reflections on Big Science, Small Science, or The Right Mix. Circ Res. 2014 Mar 28;114(7):1080-2.
Vermeulen N, Parker JN, Penders B. Big, Small or Mezzo? Lessons from Science Studies for the Ongoing Debate About ‘Big’ Versus ‘Little’ Research Projects. EMBO Rep. 2010 Jun;11(6):420-3.
Gender
Bornmann L, Mutz R, Daniel HD. Gender Differences in Grant Peer Review: A Meta-Analysis. J Informetr. 2007 Jul;1(3):226-38.
Gallo SA, Schmaling KB, Thompson LA, and Glisson SR. “Grant Review Feedback: Appropriateness and Usefulness.” Science and Engineering Ethics. 27 (18) March, 2021.
Homma MK, Motohashi R, Ohtsubo H. Japan’s Lagging Gender Equality. Science. 2013 Apr 26;340(6131):428-30.
Kaatz A, Magua W, Zimmerman DR, Carnes M. A Quantitative Linguistic Analysis of National Institutes of Health R01 Application Critiques from Investigators at One Institution. Acad Med. 2015 Jan;90(1):69-75
Kaufman RR, Chevan J. The Gender Gap in Peer-Reviewed Publications by Physical Therapy Faculty Members: A Productivity Puzzle. Phys Ther. 2011 Jan;91(1):122-31.
Kolehmainen C, & Carnes M (2018). “Who resembles a scientific leader—Jack or Jill? How implicit bias could influence research grant funding.” Circulation, 137(8), 769-770.
Magua W, Zhu X, Bhattacharya A, Filut A, Potvien A, Leatherberry R, Lee YG, Jens M, Malikireddy D, Carnes M, Kaatz A. “Are female applicants disadvantaged in National Institutes of Health peer review? Combining algorithmic text mining and qualitative methods to detect evaluative differences in R01 reviewers’ critiques.” Journal of Women’s Health. 2017 May 1;26(5):560-70.
Mutz R, Bornmann L, Daniel HD. Does Gender Matter in Grant Peer Review?: An Empirical Investigation Using the Example of the Austrian Science Fund. Z Psychol. 2012;220(2):121-129.
Schmaling, KB & Gallo, SA. “Gender differences in peer reviewed grant applications, awards, and amounts: a systematic review and meta-analysis.” Res Integr Peer Rev. 2023; 8, 2.
Tamblyn, R., Girard, N., Qian, C. J., & Hanley, J. Assessment of potential bias in research grant peer review in Canada. CMAJ 2018;190(16), E489-E499.
van Arensbergen P, van der Weijden I, van den Besselaar P. Academic Talent Selection in Grant Review Panels. In book: (Re)Searching Academic Careers, Chapter: 2. 2014. Publisher: Russian Academy of Sciences.
General Peer Review
Abdoul H, Perrey C, Amiel P, Tubach F, Gottot S, Durand-Zaleski I, Alberti C. Peer Review of Grant Applications: Criteria Used and Qualitative Study of Reviewer Practices. PLoS One. 2012;7(9):e46054.
Alberts B, Kirschner MW, Tilghman S, Varmus H. Rescuing US Biomedical Research from its Systemic Flaws. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014 Apr 22;111(16):5773-7.
Bandeh-Ahmadi A. Editorial Decisions and Measuring Information Contents of Reviews. Available at SSRN. 2013.
Benos DJ, Bashari E, Chaves JM, Gaggar A, Kapoor N, LaFrance M, Mans R, Mayhew D, McGowan S, Polter A, Qadri Y, Sarfare S, Schultz K, Splittgerber R, Stephenson J, Tower C, Walton RG, Zotov A. The Ups and Downs of Peer Review. Adv Physiol Educ. 2007 Jun;31(2):145-52.
Berg JM. Science Policy: Well-Funded Investigators Should Receive Extra Scrutiny. Nature. 2012 Sep 13;489(7415):203.
Bhattacharya A. Science Funding: Duel to the Death. Nature. 2012 Aug 2;488(7409):20-2.
Bielski A, Harris R, Gillis N. Summary Report of Comments Received on NIH System to Support Biomedical and Behavioral Research and Peer Review. 2007 November.
Bollen, J., Crandall, D., Junk, D., Ding, Y., & Börner, K. (2014). “From funding agencies to scientific agency.” EMBO reports, 15(2), 131-133.
Bornmann L. Scientific Peer Review: An Analysis of the Peer Review Process from the Perspective of Sociology of Science Theories. Human Architecture: Journal of the Sociology of Self-Knowledge. 2008;VI(2):23-38.
Brown T. Perspective: ‘I Don’t Know What to Believe’. Nature 2006.
Cantor M, Gero S. The Missing Metric: Quantifying Contributions of Reviewers. R Soc Open Sci. 2015 Feb 11;2(2):140540.
Carter G. Peer Review, Citations, and Biomedical Research Policy: NIH Grants to Medical School Faculty. RAND Corporation, 1974.
Chandrasekharan, S., Zaka, M., Gallo, S., Zhao, W., Korobskiy, D., Warnow, T., & Chacko, G. (2020). Finding scientific communities in citation graphs: Articles and authors. Quantitative Science Studies. Advance publication. https://doi.org/10.1162 /qss_a_00095
Chang WR, McLean IP. CUSUM: A Tool for Early Feedback About Performance? BMC Med Res Methodol. 2006 Mar 2;6:8.
Chetty R. How Small Changes Can Influence Reviewer Behavior. Elsevier. 2014.
Cole S, Rubin L, Cole J. Peer Review in the National Science Foundation: Phase One of a Study. Washington, DC: National Academy of Sciences, 1978.
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Fang, F.C. and Casadevall, A., 2016. “Research Funding: the Case for a Modified Lottery.” mBio, 7(2).
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Fliesler SJ. Rethinking Grant Peer Review. Science. 1997 Mar 7;275(5305):1399.
Gallo SA et al. “The Validation of Peer Review through Research Impact Measures and the Implications for Funding Strategies.” 2014 PLoS ONE 9(9): e106474. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0106474
Gallo SA, Thompson LA, Schmaling KB, Glisson SR. “The Participation and Motivations of Grant Peer Reviewers: A Comprehensive Survey..” Sci Eng Ethics. July, 2019. (Pre-print available)
Gallo, SA, Pearce, M, Lee, CJ & Erosheva, EA. “A new approach to grant review assessments: score, then rank.” Res Integr Peer Rev. 2023; 8, 10.
Garrison HH, Deschamps AM. NIH Research Funding and Early Career Physician Scientists: Continuing Challenges in the 21st Century. FASEB J. 2014 Mar;28(3):1049-58.
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Graves N, Barnett AG, Clarke P. Funding Grant Proposals for Scientific Research: Retrospective Analysis of Scores by Members of Grant Review Panel. BMJ. 2011 Sep 27;343:d4797.
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Groves T. Quality and Value: How Can We Get the Best Out of Peer Review? Nature. 2006.
Guthrie S, Guerin B, Wu H, Ismail S, Wooding S. Alternatives to Peer Review in Research Project Funding. Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, 2013.
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Hartonen T, Alava MJ. How Important Tasks Are Performed: Peer Review. Sci Rep. 2013;3:1679.
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Herbert DL, Barnett AG, Graves N. Funding: Australia’s Grant System Wastes time. Nature. 2013 Mar 21;495(7441):314.
Herbert DL, Coveney J, Clarke P, Graves N, Barnett AG. The Impact of Funding Deadlines on Personal Workloads, Stress and Family Relationships: A Qualitative Study of Australian Researchers. BMJ Open. 2014 Mar 28;4(3):e004462.
Herrmann-Lingen C, Brunner E, Hildenbrand S, Loew TH, Raupach T, Spies C, Treede RD, Vahl CF, Wenz HJ. Evaluation of Medical Research Performance–Position Paper of the Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany (AWMF). Ger Med Sci. 2014 Jun 26;12:Doc11.
Hickam D, Totten A, Berg A, Rader K, Goodman S, Newhouse R, Editors. The PCORI Methodology Report. 2013.
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Innovation
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Inter Rater Reliability
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Nih and Nsf
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Open Peer Review
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Resubmission
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Reviewer Pi Demographics
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Training
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Triage
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Validation and Impact
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